Gastrointestinal infections

GI infections are the second commonest cause of primary care consultation after the common cold.

Viral gastroenteritis

Transmission is by the faecal–oral route, including contaminated water. Epidemics are frequent and usually occur during winter. Breastfeeding is protective. Severity is increased in malnourished children.

Causes

• • Rotavirus (most common).

Bacterial gastroenteritis

Causes secretory and inflammatory diarrhoea. It is most common under 2yrs of age. Commonest causative organisms include:

• • Salmonella spp.